La migración neta en Andalucía en el tránsito del XVIII al XIX

Este estudio es de un ejercicio de aplicación del método de la migración neta de las actuales provincias andaluza en el tránsito del siglo XVIII al XIX. La fuente estadística base es el censo de Floridablanca, en tanto que ofrece la posibilidad de afrontar el estudio de amplios espacios territoriales, además de garantizar un mínimo de homogeneidad informativa imprescindible para aplicar procedimientos comparativos entre espacios regionales (Andalucía-Galicia), provinciales, etc. Se parte del supuesto del efecto selectivo de las migraciones en la estructura de las poblaciones, sobre todo en las anteriores a las migraciones masivas de fines del XIX, por lo que mediante este método podremos establecer hipótesis contrastadas sobre la dimensión y dirección de las mismas a diferentes escalas de estudio.___________________________________________This study is an exercise in applying the method of the net migration of the current provinces of Andalusia in the transition from XVIII to XIX century. The basic statistical source is the census of Floridablanca, while offering the opportunity to start the study of large territorial areas, and ensure an uniform basic information necessary for the application procedures comparative regional areas (Andalusia, Galicia), provincial, etc. It is assumed for the selective effect of migration on population structure, especially in the mass migration before the end of the nineteenth century, so by this method can establish hypotheses tested on the size and direction of such a different scales of study

Recluta masiva de emigrantes andaluces y su inserción social en Argentina (siglo XIX). Nuevas notas para su estudio

Not available.Se estudia el papel de la Agencia de Emigración Señores Acebal Díaz y Cía., y de la naviera Italo-Argentina, en la recluta masiva de emigrantes andaluces llevaba a cabo en 1889. Supuso la definición de una nueva etapa (no lineal) en el trasvase poblacional entre Andalucía y América: la emigración en masa. A continuación, el estudio se completa con una aproximación al proceso inmediato de inserción de este contingente migratorio en el mercado de trabajo argentino

Oleadas de anticorrupción y escenarios de participación política (España, 1915-1952)

En las siguientes páginas se hace un seguimiento de las denuncias por corrupción pública ordinaria en España entre 1915 y 1952. La información judicial en lo criminal nos permite construir la primera serie anual de causas incoadas por este tipo delictivo en los Juzgados de Primera Instancia e Instrucción, revelando que recurrir a la denuncia en vía judicial fue una pauta recurrente y supletoria en la impugnación del gobierno local durante el tránsito del viejo orden liberal a la nueva política de masas. En razón a su volumen y el perfil temporal, la dinámica de estas incoaciones pone de manifiesto la recurrencia a lo largo de estos cuarenta años de visibles oleadas de anticorrupción. Su comparación denota, por otra parte, patrones diferenciados en los usos políticos de estas denuncias bajo los distintos regímenes que se suceden en este periodo crítico en la modernización del país

La difusión de la idea de migrar. Andalucía y América en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX

Teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la masiva emigración contemporánea de Andalucía a América, que presenta nuevos componentes respecto a la de época colonial, se ensaya la integración de las ocho corrientes migratorias provinciales en un esquema explicativo de los procesos de difusión de la idea de emigrar entre la población andaluza. Para su realización, sometemos a examen y aplicación el modelo defendido por J. D. Gould, especialmente adecuado al uso de fuentes estadísticas agregadas (compatibles con las usadas por nosotros) y aplicado para explicar otras corrientes migratorias regionales europeas. Este estudio crítico del modelo sometido a examen tiene la virtualidad de permitir establecer hipótesis de trabajo preliminares y necesarias, que pretendemos poner a prueba mediante el empleo de fuentes microhistóricas (como las listas de pasajeros o partes consulares)

New design parameters for biparabolic beach profiles (SW Cadiz, Spain)

165 profiles of seventy-one beaches along the Gulf of Cadiz (SW, Spain) were studied to improve the formulation of the beach profile in tidal seas. Maritime climate, degree of energy exposure and size of the sand grains were taken into account to study the two sections of the biparabolic profile. The objective of the study was the determination of more accurate formulations of the design parameters for the equilibrium profile that involves tidal seas. These formulations were modelled and validated based on existing profiles to quantify the error existing between the real profile and the modelling. This comparative analysis was extended by considering the formulations proposed by other authors. The best results were obtained with the proposal presented herein

A Design Parameter for Reef Beach Profiles—A Methodology Applied to Cadiz, Spain

The southwestern coast of Spain is in a tidal zone (mesotidal) which causes the equilibrium profile to be developed in two different sections: the breakage section and the swash section. These two sections give rise to the typical bi-parabolic profile existing in tidal seas. The existence of areas with reefs/rocks which interrupt the normal development of the typical bi-parabolic profile causes different types of beach profiles. The objective of this article is designing an easy methodology for determining new formulations for the design parameters of the equilibrium profile of beaches with reefs in tidal seas. These formulations are applied on 16 profiles to quantify the error between the real profile data and the modelling results. A comparative analysis is extended to the formulations proposed by other authors, from which it is found that better results are obtained with the new formulations

Multiparasitism and repeated parasitism by the great spotted cuckoo Clamator glandarius on its main host, the magpie Pica pica: effects on reproductive success, nest desertion and nest predation

This work was supported by the research project PID2020-1159506BI00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Permits - The research was conducted according to relevant Spanish national (Real Decreto 1201/2005, de 10 de Octubre) and regional guidelines. All necessary permits were obtained from the Consejeria de Medio Ambiente y Ordenacion del Territorio de la Junta de Andalucia (Spanish Regional Government). Field work was licensed by the Andalusian authority for wildlife protection (DGGMN; ref.: SGYB/FOA/AFR/CFS 15/03/2012).Brood parasites are expected to lay only one egg per parasitized nest, as the existence of several parasitic nestlings in a brood increases competition and can lead the starvation of some of them. However, multiparasitism (laying of two or more eggs by one or more parasitic females in a single host nest) is surprisingly frequent. Here, we study multiparasitism by different females or by the same female (repeated parasitism) in the great spotted cuckoo Clamator glandarius, a non-evictor brood parasite that mainly parasitizes the magpie Pica pica, and whose chicks may be raised together with host nestlings in the same nest. We used a total of 262 magpie nests found during four breeding seasons. Multiparasitism and repeated parasitism are very frequent because this brood parasite is less virulent than other cuckoo species and magpie hosts can successfully raise more than one parasitic nestling per nest. The total number of cuckoo chicks fledged was higher in multiparasitized nests than in single- or double-parasitized magpie nests. Magpie breeding success (i.e. the proportion of eggs that produce young that leave the nest) did not differ between single-, double-, and multiparasitized magpie nests. These results suggest that multiparasitism is an adaptation in the great spotted cuckoo. The intensity of parasitism (number of cuckoo eggs per nest), after controlling for the potential effect of year, did not affect nest desertion or nest predation rate, neither during the incubation nor the nestling periods. This implies that nest concealment does not affect the susceptibility of one nest being parasitized and predated, as nest predation rate was similar regardless of the intensity of parasitism. Predation rate during the nestling phase did not vary according to intensity of parasitism, which does not support either the 'mutualism' hypothesis or the 'predation cost of begging' hypothesis.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2020-1159506BI00Spanish national 1201/200

Virtual resources for the improvement of teaching in the course of Port and Coastal Engineering (dregree in Civil Engineering)

Port and Coastal Engineering is a subject included in the third year of the degree in Civil Engineering (Civil Constructions and Hydrology specialty) taught at the Polytechnic School of Algeciras. As this is a subject with a very specific syllabus, there is no textbook (or even appropriate references) that contemplates all the related topics of the whole course. Moreover, there are many students who, for different reasons (repeaters, Erasmus, labour obligations, ...), cannot attend the regular classes. This lack of attendance has been leading to another problem: this kind of students have been leaving the subject for several years. In addition, understanding of the basic concepts becomes even more complicated for Erasmus students enrolled in the subject because of the language barrier. In order to solve this problem, a project of teaching innovation has been launched which consists of the creation of a set of evaluable tasks for the different topics addressed to be performed by the students. In this way, the students are motivated to keep up-to-date the course contents. A comparison of the last year results with those of the preceding five years is provided. Finally, an analysis of the significance of the improvement is also presented

Increase in the Erosion Rate Due to the Impact of Climate Change on Sea Level Rise: Victoria Beach, a Case Study

This article provides a general methodology for calculating the retreat of the coastline and the volume of sand necessary to renourish a beach due to sea level rise (SLR) in the medium-long term. An example is presented, Victoria Beach, and a projection is made for the years 2030, 2040, 2050, and 2100. The results obtained take into account global sea level rise (GSLR), which is worldwide, and local sea level rise (LSLR), which considers climate variability and vertical land movements. Regarding GSLR, data were provided by the projections from IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) scenarios and empirical models, such as Rahmstorf and Pfeffer. The LSLR data came from the tide gauge station located in Cadiz. Finally, the results obtained showed that global warming impacts erosive effects and the subsequent volume of sand required to renourish beaches. The total sea level rise (TSLR) projections indicated for Victoria Beach are relatively higher than the GSLR projections. Even in the best IPCC scenario (RCP 2.6), Victoria Beach presents a significant erosion of 52 m, requiring a volume of sand of 1.0 Mm3 to supply renourishment.14 página

Use of the ANKI Software in Coastal Engineering Courses: Methodology and Results

Many people believe that engineering subjects require only mathematical and physical abilities as well as space perception. However, some aspects of the syllabus, must be memorized to achieve optimal academic results. The pandemic situation has meant a reduction in face-to-face classes, which has made it difficult to highlight (through repetition by teachers) those concepts that must be learnt by heart due to their importance. As is well known, the Notecard Question and Answer Technique (NQAT, based on Leitner’s system) helps students to learn those important ideas that must be kept in the long term memory to remember when needed. Therefore, an educational project is presented here that contemplates the creation of a database of question-answer cards to facilitate the memorization of concepts, formulas and key values of different parameters essential for understanding coastal engineering problems. The methodology was experimented in different courses, related to Coastal and Port Engineering. These courses are included in the third year of the Marine Sciences and Civil Engineering Bachelor degrees as well as in the MSc degree in the University of Cadiz. The program chosen was the ANKI, of broad application, easy to use and free to access. As a collateral advantage, students became familiar with this software and were able to use it in other subjects. Through a selective distribution of the different topics, all the students participated in the task of preparing the cards. Their use was encouraged by a series of online tests and a “supplementary bonus” to the final examination. The results obtained between the current course (with flash cards) and the previous one (without flash cards) did not show any substantial change in the number of students who pass the subject. However, students reported that it took less time to memorize formulations and key concepts